Elizabeth Kenny Corbett: Three Names, One Life — Episode 1
Three Names, One Life
The Photograph at 12 Elm Road
Spring 1923 · North Caldwell, New Jersey
The inscription reads: “Aunt Lillie · Lillie · Aunt Mama · Helen · Joe”
Believed to have been labeled by Les Verhoek, who reached out to Judy Apicella wanting to see a photograph of his mother Helen and his grandmother. Provided by Judy Robertson Apicella.
Believed to be: 12 Elm Road, North Caldwell, New Jersey · Spring 1923. If the identification is correct: standing left = Elizabeth "Aunt Lillie" Kenny Corbett, who may have moved into the household during Mary Agnes's illness; center = Mary Agnes "Aunt Mama" Kenny Robertson, who died January 26, 1924, of pulmonary tuberculosis, age 40; standing right = identity not yet established; seated = Helen Gladys Robertson, approximately 15–16; child = Joseph Jay Robertson, approximately 3–4. These identifications are working hypotheses based on census records, death certificates, and family knowledge. Do you recognize anyone in this photograph? Contact Mary at mary@storylinegenealogy.com
This photograph — taken less than a year before Mary Agnes died — is the most important visual evidence in Elizabeth's story. The inscription places Elizabeth at 12 Elm Road at exactly the time when her sister was dying, her brother-in-law had was about to die, and three children were about to be left without parents. She was there. Whatever she did in that household in 1923 and afterward, she did not stay at 917 Avenue N in Brooklyn and wait for news. She came.
The VA Master Index Card, filled out years later, still carries 12 Elm Road as her address. She never fully left.
Born Eliza, Known as Lillian
Brooklyn, 1879–1888 · The Years That Shaped EverythingElizabeth M. Kenny was born in Brooklyn, Kings County, New York, in July 1879 — the first child of John Kenny and Margaret McKenny. The 1880 federal census enumerated her as Eliza, age ten months, born July, at 436 Park Avenue. In the same household was Eliza Kenny — her paternal grandmother, the woman for whom she was almost certainly named.
1880 U.S. Federal Census — Kenny Household, 436 Park Avenue, Brooklyn, ED 214. Upload 1880 census image to Squarespace and replace placeholder URL.
What happened next is a story told in death certificates. Margaret McKenny — Elizabeth's mother, a woman of thirty-three — died of pulmonary consumption on May 24, 1884. Elizabeth was four or five years old. Her sister Mary Agnes was approximately one. John Kenny and his mother Eliza kept the household together. Then the grandmother Eliza Kenny died December 2, 1887. The maternal grandmother Ann Lynch McKenna died May 10, 1888, of cerebral embolism. And on November 7, 1888, John Kenny himself died of pulmonary phthisis — tuberculosis, the disease that had already taken his wife.
Elizabeth was nine years old. Mary Agnes was five. Both parents, both grandmothers, and every adult in their family circle were gone within four years.
In 1880, she was Eliza — named for her grandmother. By 1910, she was Lillian Marie. What happened to the name in between is not documented. But the grandmother it honored died in December 1887, when Elizabeth was eight, in the midst of the four-year cascade that took everything. Whether the shift was deliberate or gradual, the name Elizabeth would not appear again in her record trail for forty years.
After John Kenny's death in November 1888, it is assumed the girls went to live with their maternal aunt, Mary F. MacKinney — "Aunt Maime." She was Margaret's sister, confirmed by her 1935 death certificate, which names the same parents: George MacKinney (Ireland) and Ann Lynch (Ireland). She was twenty-eight years old, unmarried, and she raised her nieces as her own. She never married. She kept them. The 1910, 1915, and 1920 censuses document the household continuously.
Raised by Aunt Maime: Mary F. MacKinney
The MacKinney household was the center of Elizabeth's adult life for more than three decades. In every census from 1910 through 1920, she appears there — as niece, as typist, as resident. Aunt Maime ran the household and went to work: the 1910 census records her as a forewoman in a lace works. She was the sole keeper of whatever family memory survived the 1884–1888 cascade. When the informant on Elizabeth's 1950 death certificate got the mother's name wrong, it was a direct consequence of how much had been lost before Aunt Maime's guardianship began.
1910 U.S. Federal Census — Lillian Kenny, Niece, in the household of Mary F. MacKinney, Brooklyn. Kings County, ED 81, Sheet 5-A.
1915 New York State Census — Lillian Kenny, Niece, household of Mary MacKinney. Assembly District 12, Kings County.
Aunt Maime outlived almost everyone in this story. She died April 5, 1935 — six years after Mary Agnes, three years before the Census that would have shown her still in Brooklyn. She was sixty-nine, single, and survived by "several nieces." The obituary noted she was a "daughter of the late George and Ann Lynch MacKinney" — the parents confirmed to be the same parents as Margaret McKenny, Elizabeth's mother. She was buried at Holy Cross Cemetery. The undertaker was Thomas H. Ireland of 1088 Nostrand Avenue. Fifteen years later, the same undertaker handled Elizabeth Corbett's funeral.
Twelve Days
United States Navy · October–November 1918On October 30, 1918, Lillian Marie Kenny walked into the Navy Yard in New York and enlisted in the United States Navy. She was thirty-nine years old. She told them she was thirty.
The Navy had been enlisting women as Yeomanettes since 1917 — the first branch of the American military to do so. They needed clerical workers. She had been working as a typist for a decade. Her rate: Landsman Yeoman Female. Her home address: 1542 East 8th Street, Brooklyn. Her stated age: thirty years and three months.
U.S. Navy enlistment record — KENNY LILLIAN MARIE, service no. 401-54-53, enrolled Navy Yard New York, October 30, 1918. Rate: Landsman Yeoman Female. Age: "30 yrs 3 mos" (actual: 39). Home: 1542 E. 8th St., Brooklyn, Kings County, N.Y.
She reported for duty on November 6, 1918. She served at the Fleet Supply Base in Brooklyn. On November 11, 1918 — five days after she reported — the Armistice was signed and the war she had enlisted to serve in was over.
Twelve days of active service. She was placed on inactive duty July 31, 1919. She was formally discharged December 10, 1920 — as Yeoman 2nd Class, a promotion from her entry rate. She had enlisted at the end of a war and served through its last days. Whatever her motive — patriotism, purpose, a desire to do something with the skills she had — she was present for one of the most significant weeks of the twentieth century.
The United States Navy began enlisting women as Yeomanettes in 1917 — the first branch of the U.S. military to do so. By the Armistice in November 1918, approximately 11,000 women had served as Yeomanettes. Most were discharged by 1920. Elizabeth Kenny Corbett was one of them.
Elizabeth Kenny Marries
Brooklyn, July 1920 · The Name She Used for Forty Years ReturnsBy January 1920, Lillian Kenny was still living in the MacKinney household at 917 Avenue N, Brooklyn — now thirty, a veteran, still working as a typist. In July of that year, her name appeared in a newspaper column it had not occupied since 1880: as Elizabeth.
1920 U.S. Federal Census — Lillian Kenny, Niece of Mary F. MacKinney, 917 Avenue N [917 N.], Brooklyn. ED 1091, Sheet 10-A. The address is identical to the marriage license published in July 1920.
Brooklyn Daily Times, July 12, 1920 — Marriage Licenses: John Corbett, 37, Charlestown, Mass. / Elizabeth Kenny, 32, 917 Ave. N.
1920 Brooklyn (Kings County) Marriage Index — Corbett–Kenny marriage confirmed with certificate number.
John Corbett was thirty-seven, born in Charlestown, Massachusetts. She was forty-one, though she said thirty-two. The address on both the census and the marriage license is 917 Avenue N.
January 1924: Twelve Days
12 Elm Road, North Caldwell, New JerseyMary Agnes Kenny Robertson — Elizabeth's younger sister, born February 8, 1883 — had married Joseph Robertson and moved to North Caldwell, New Jersey. They had three children: Lillian, Helen, and Joseph Jr. By 1923, Mary Agnes was ill with pulmonary tuberculosis, contracted in Brooklyn, duration approximately one year.
Elizabeth was there. The photograph at 12 Elm Road, taken in the spring of 1923, shows her — Aunt Lillie — standing in the backyard of the house on the death certificate. She may have come to help with the household as her sister's illness progressed. What is certain is that she was present, and that her presence was significant enough to warrant her name on the back of a photograph a family member preserved for decades.
Death Certificate — Joseph Robertson, January 14, 1924. Cause: cerebral hemorrhage. Residence: 12 Elm Road, North Caldwell, N.J. Age: 39 years, 4 months, 7 days. Buried Greenwood Cemetery, Brooklyn, January 18, 1924.
Death Certificate — Mary Agnes Robertson (nee Kenny), January 26, 1924, 12 Elm Road, North Caldwell, N.J. Cause: pulmonary tuberculosis, contracted in Brooklyn, duration 1 year. Father: John Kenny. Mother: Margaret McKenny (Ireland). Informant: Lillian Robertson (daughter). Buried Immaculate Conception Cemetery, Montclair, N.J., January 29, 1924.
Three children — Lillian, age approximately 17; Helen, age approximately 16; Joseph Jr., barely 4 years old — were orphaned within twelve days. The VA Master Index Card, filled out at some later point in the record system, carried 12 Elm Road, North Caldwell, New Jersey as Elizabeth Corbett's permanent address. Not 917 Avenue N. Not 903 New York Avenue. The address she kept was the Robertson children's house.
The pattern, documented: When Margaret McKenny died in 1884, her sister Mary F. MacKinney stepped in to raise Margaret's daughters. When Mary Agnes died in 1924, her sister Elizabeth stepped in to help raise Mary Agnes's children. Each generation's loss produced the next generation's keeper. The women who stayed were the ones who survived.
Proving Who She Was
The Social Security Record & The VA Master Index CardBy 1947, Elizabeth Corbett — still going by that name, though she had spent the first four decades of her adult life as Lillian — applied for Social Security. The application record is the first document in her entire trail to place both names in the same entry. Name: Elizabeth K Corbett. Alternate: Lillian Elizabeth Corbett. Born: July 28, 1879, Brooklyn, New York. Father: John. Mother: Margaret McKernry.
Social Security Applications and Claims Index — Elizabeth K Corbett [Lillian Elizabeth Corbett]. Born: 28 Jul 1879, Bklyn, New York. Father: John. Mother: Margaret McKernry. SSN: 132-09-6846. Claim date: 8 January 1947.
The definitive linking document came from the Veterans Administration. At some point after 1920 and before 1950, the VA compiled its master index of women veterans. On a single card, under both names, is the record that settles the question:
VA Master Index Card — CORBETT, ELIZABETH M. / KENNY, LILLIAN MARIE. Yeo 2c. (F) NRF. Service No. 401 54 53. Died: 2-24-50. Born: 7/28/88 [recording error; correct year 1879]. Address: 12 Elm Road, N. Caldwell, New Jersey.
February 24, 1950
903 New York Avenue, BrooklynJohn Corbett died February 18, 1949. Elizabeth — now widowed, now back in Brooklyn — died at 903 New York Avenue on February 24, 1950, of coronary sclerosis. She was seventy years old. She died in the borough where she was born seventy years before.
903 New York Avenue, East Flatbush, Brooklyn — constructed 1925, 24 units. Elizabeth Kenny Corbett's residence at the time of her death, February 24, 1950. The building was twenty-five years old when she died here. Photograph c. 2015–2020, Google Street View.
The woman who came to Brooklyn to identify her body was Lillian J. O'Brien, née Robertson — the daughter of Mary Agnes, the child Elizabeth had helped raise at 12 Elm Road. She had grown up. She had married. She had become an O'Brien by marriage. And when her Aunt Lillie died alone in a Brooklyn apartment, Lillian came.
1950 New York City Death Index — CORBETT ELIZABETH, age 70, February 24, Borough K (Brooklyn), Certificate No. 14079.
NYC Death Certificate No. 156-50-304079 — Elizabeth Corbett, February 24, 1950, 903 New York Avenue, Brooklyn. Widowed. Armed Forces: Yes, World War I. Informant: Lillian O'Brien, Niece, 58 Central Ave., Caldwell, N.J. Note: birth date (April 29, 1879) and mother's name (Elizabeth O'Brien) are informant errors; correct date is July 28, 1879, correct mother is Margaret McKenny.
Lillian J. O'Brien (née Robertson) was Mary Agnes's daughter. She was raised at 12 Elm Road after her parents died in January 1924 — she was seven years old. She grew up knowing that Elizabeth was her aunt and that Elizabeth had been born in Brooklyn in 1879. She did not know her grandmother Margaret McKenny's name precisely — Margaret had died in 1884, forty years before Lillian was old enough to ask. When Lillian traveled from Caldwell, New Jersey to Brooklyn to identify her aunt's body, she filled in what she remembered. The year 1879 is correct. The month, day, and mother's name are not. These are not careless errors. They are the direct legacy of what tuberculosis took from this family between 1884 and 1888.
Obituary — Elizabeth Corbett, February 24, 1950. "Beloved aunt of Lillian J. O'Brien (nee Robertson) of Caldwell, New Jersey, and Joseph J. Robertson of Montclair, New Jersey."
She was buried at Holy Cross Cemetery on February 25, 1950. The same undertaker — Thomas H. Ireland of 1088 Nostrand Avenue — who had buried Aunt Maime fifteen years earlier. The same cemetery where Ann Lynch McKenna had been buried in 1888, and where Mary F. MacKinney had been buried in 1935.
Lillian O'Brien paid the cemetery care receipts for the family plot in 1951, 1952, and 1953. Her daughter Lillian Marie O'Brien Ambrosio paid the perpetual care after that. The women who were raised by the woman who was raised by the woman who stepped in — they kept the plot. The chain held.
Elizabeth Kenny Corbett was the great-grand-aunt of the researcher. Her sister Mary Agnes Kenny Robertson was the researcher's great-grandmother. The death certificate informant — Lillian J. O'Brien, née Robertson — was the researcher's grandmother. Barbara O'Brien Hamall (1935–2022), the researcher's mother, was fourteen years old in February 1950 and remembered her mother making the trip to Brooklyn to identify her aunt's body. It was Lillian O'Brien Ambrosio who paid the perpetual care on the family plot and kept the cemetery receipts; upon her death, that documentation passed to Barbara O'Brien Hamall, who kept the stories alive long enough for this research to find them. This documentary biography is one result of what she preserved.
Vital Statistics
| Full Birth Name | Elizabeth M. Kenny |
| Adult Name | Lillian Marie Kenny (all records 1910–1918) |
| Married Name | Elizabeth Corbett (1920–1950) |
| Family Name | Aunt Lillie |
| Born | July 28, 1879, Brooklyn (Kings County), New York |
| Father | John Kenny (died November 7, 1888, pulmonary phthisis) |
| Mother | Margaret McKenny (died May 24, 1884, pulmonary consumption, age 33) |
| Sister | Mary Agnes Kenny Robertson (February 8, 1883 – January 26, 1924) |
| Guardian | Mary F. MacKinney "Aunt Maime" (c. 1860 – April 5, 1935), Margaret's sister |
| Husband | John Corbett (c. 1883, Charlestown, Massachusetts; died c. 1949) |
| Children | None documented |
| Navy Service | Landsman Yeoman Female, service no. 401-54-53; enrolled October 30, 1918; active November 6–11, 1918 (12 days); discharged Yeoman 2nd Class, December 10, 1920 |
| Died | February 24, 1950, 903 New York Avenue, Brooklyn; coronary sclerosis; age 70 |
| Buried | Holy Cross Cemetery, Brooklyn, New York, February 25, 1950 |
Life in Brief
Document Gallery
Primary sources documenting the life of Elizabeth Kenny Corbett · Click any image to enlarge
Scattered Stones: The Women Who Stayed · Series Navigation
← Series Overview: The Women Who Stayed Six lives, one Brooklyn family, 1822–1942 · The tuberculosis thread · The generational care pattern Episode 2: Ann Lynch McKenna (1822–1888) The Root — the immigrant anchor whose grandchildren she never outlived long enough to raise Episode 3: Eliza Kenny (c. 1810–1887) The Other Grandmother — a single mother who never remarried, and who was gone before anyone thought to ask her name Episode 4: Mary F. MacKinney "Aunt Maime" (c. 1860–1935) The One Who Stayed — Margaret's sister, never married, who kept the girls for forty-seven years Episode 5: Mary Agnes Kenny Robertson (1883–1924) Twelve Days — the hinge biography, the January catastrophe, the disease that ran through four generations Episode 6: Helen Robertson Verhoek (1907–1942) The Last — Mary Agnes's daughter, dead at 35 of tuberculosis, the disease's final chapter in this familyElizabeth Kenny Corbett: Three Names, One Life · Case Study Navigation
← Elizabeth Kenny Corbett: Case Study Six lives, one Brooklyn family, 1822–1942 · One of the first women to serve in the U.S. Navy, Elizabeth Kenny Corbett hid behind two names for forty years. A BCG-standard case study in identity proof, Brooklyn, 1879–1950Want to Know When New Stories Are Published?
Subscribe to receive updates on new family history research—no spam, just meaningful stories when there's something worth sharing.
SUBSCRIBE TO OUR NEWSLETTEREvery Family Has a Story Worth Telling
Whether you're just beginning your research or ready to transform years of work into a narrative your family will treasure, I'd love to help.
LET'S TALK ABOUT YOUR FAMILY